Dental
Most dental problems need a dentist rather than a GP — dentists are the right professionals to diagnose and treat teeth, gums and mouth conditions. This page covers what to do for common dental problems and how to find an NHS dentist urgently.
Common causes
- Tooth decay — the most common cause of toothache
- Gum disease and gum infection
- A cracked or broken tooth, or a lost filling or crown
- A dental abscess — a pocket of infection, often with severe throbbing pain and facial swelling
- Wisdom teeth coming through
Looking after yourself
- Paracetamol or ibuprofen usually help — follow the dose on the packet
- Rinse gently with warm salty water
- A cold compress on the outside of the cheek can help swelling
- Avoid very hot, cold, or sweet food and drink until you see a dentist
- Do not put aspirin directly on the tooth or gum — it does not help and can burn the gum
When to get medical help
Use NHS 111 online, call 111, or contact your GP if:
- Toothache lasts longer than two days
- The pain is severe or wakes you at night
- You have swelling in your face or jaw, or feel generally unwell
- A tooth has been knocked out or badly broken
- You cannot find an NHS dentist — call NHS 111 for the urgent dental service in your area
Call 999 or go to A&E if you have swelling that is closing your throat or affecting your breathing, or heavy bleeding from the mouth that will not stop.
Further information
This page provides general information only. It is not a diagnosis and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.